For a turning departure, turns may be specified at:

• A. at a fix
• B. at a facility
• C. all of the above
• D. an altitude or height

Answer: (C)

A turning departure can specify the initial turn reference at different points to ensure the aircraft follows the intended path and maintains obstacle clearance. The turn may be begun when you cross a defined navigational fix, when you are established over a navigation facility (such as a VOR), or when you reach a specified altitude (height). Because a published turning departure can be written to begin the turn at any of these references, all of the above are valid possibilities. In practice, different procedures use different triggers: crossing a fix can thread you onto the published track, turning at a facility ties the turn to a navaid transition, and turning at a specified altitude ensures the maneuver occurs within safe terrain and airspace constraints.